Professor Kenneth K.
Kuo
863-6270
kenkuo@psu.edu
140 Research Building East, Bigler Road
A portion of the 2 nd edition of my Principles of Combustion book , published by Wiley and Sons, Inc. in January 2005, will be used partially in class as the text material for review of laminar flames and droplet combustion coverage. Also, students enrolled in this course can borrow a copy of the 1 st edition for their use. Portions of Chapters 7-10 from the 1 st edition will be utilized. The book volume can be picked up from Sandi Richter (Staff Assistant) in 139 Research Building East. The book must be returned at the end of the semester.
A good portion of Theoretical and Numerical Combustion, 2 nd edition , by Thierry Poinsot and Denis Veynante, published by R.T. Edwards, Inc. will be covered in various lectures. Portions to be covered will include the introduction to turbulent combustion, turbulent premixed flames, and turbulent diffusion flames; and also the first three chapters.
A course devoted to the fundamentals of chemically reacting turbulent flows in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems with special emphasis on: turbulent flames in gases; heterogeneous combustion; chemical reactions in boundary-layer flows; spray combustion of liquid fuel droplets; two-phase combustion of solid particles; and ignition of gaseous mixtures and condensed phases.
M E 416 or ME 516, or equivalent
I. Single-Phase Combustion Systems
A. Premixed Combustion
1. Review of Laminar Flames
2. Fundamentals of Turbulent Flows
· Statistical Description of Turbulent Flows
· Mean-Flow Equations
· Scales of Turbulent Motion
3. Theories of Turbulent Combustion
· Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) Methods
· Turbulent Viscosity Models
· Reynolds-Stress and Related Models
· Probability Density Function (PDF) Models
· Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) Methods
4. Measurements of Turbulent Flames
B. Non-Premixed Combustion (Diffusion Flames)
1. Review of Laminar Diffusion Flame Theories
2. Turbulent Diffusion Flames
II. Two-Phase Combustion Systems
A. Concentrated Condensed Phase
1. Review of Single Droplet Combustion
2. Single Solid Particle Combustion
3. Laminar Boundary Layers
4. Turbulent Boundary Layers
B. Distributed Condensed Phase
1. Introduction to Spray Atomization and Combustion
2. Locally Homogeneous Flow Models
3. Separated Flow (Two-Phase) Models
a. Deterministic Approaches
b. Stochastic Approaches
4. Dense Spray Processes
5. Multi-component Fuels and Propellants
III. Ignition of Gaseous Mixtures and Condensed Phases
A. Ignition of Homogeneous Gas-Phase Mixtures
B. Ignition of Condensed Phase Materials
After completing this class, students will be able to:
(a) Formulate a theoretical model to simulate a combustion problem, based upon knowledge of existing research
(b) Identify the major mechanisms involved in a given combustion problem
(c) Design a laboratory-scale test apparatus and test matrix to observe combustion phenomena and to take measurements
(d) Interpret experimental results in terms of the trend of operating parameters
(e) Validate the model using the experimental data and observations
(f) Evaluate the merit of a model or experimental design presented in a technical article
(g) Analyze realistic combustion problems using the basic principles of combustion and the state-of-the-art technology
Peters, N., Turbulent Combustion, published by Cambridge University Press, November 1999, 328 pages.
“Recent
Advances in Spray Combustion” edited by K. K. Kuo, Vol. I: Spray Atomization
and Drop Burning Phenomena, Volume 166 of Progress in Astronautics and
Aeronautics, published by AIAA, June, 1996, 517 pages.
“Recent Advances in Spray Combustion” edited by K. K. Kuo, Vol. II: Spray Combustion Measurements and Model Simulation, Volume 171 of Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, published by AIAA, September, 1996, 467 pages.
Pope, Stephen B., Turbulent Flows, Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Other References on Turbulent and Two-Phase Combustion
Kee, R. J., Coltrin, M. E., Glarborg P., Chemically Reacting Flow: Theory & Practice , John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003.
Turns, S. R., An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications, McGraw-Hill, 1996.
Williams, F. A., Combustion Theory, Second Edition, Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc., 1985.
Glassman, l., Combustion, Academic Press, 1977, 2nd Edition, 1987.
Penner, S. S., Introduction to the Study of Chemical Reactions in Flow Systems, AGARD, Butterworths Scientific Publications, 1955.
Penner, S. S., Chemistry Problems in Jet Propulsion, Pergamon Press, 1957.
Vincenti, W. G. and Kruger, C. H., Jr., Introduction to Physical Gas Dynamics, Wiley, 1965.
Kanury, A. M., Introduction to Combustion Phenomena, Gordon & Breach Science Publishers, Inc., 1977.
Strehlow, R. A., Combustion Fundamentals, McGraw–Hill Book Co., International Textbook Co., 1984.
Lewis, B. and von Elbe, G., Combustion, Flames and Explosions of Gases, Academic Press, 1961.
Jost, W., Explosion and Combustion Processes in Gases, McGraw–Hill, 1946.
Gaydon, A. G. and Wolfhard, H. G., Flames, Their Structure, Radiation and Temperature, Chapman and Hall, Ltd., London, 1960.
Fristrom, R. M. and Westenberg, A. A., Flame Structure, McGraw–Hill, 1965.
Shchelkin, K. I. and Troshin, Y. K., Gas Dynamics of Combustion, Mono Book Co., Baltimore, 1965.
Weinberg, F. J., Optics of Flame, Butterworths, 1963.
Beer, J. M. and Chigier, N. A., Combustion Aerodynamics, Applied Science Publishers, 1974.
Kennedy, L. A., Turbulent Combustion, AIAA Progress Series Vol. 58, 1978.
Spalding, D. B., Combustion and Mass Transfer, Pergamon Press, 1979.
Bird, R. B., Stewart, W. E. and Lightfoot, E. N., Transport Phenomena, Wiley, New York, 1960.
Kuo, K.K., and DeLuca, L.T., (editors), Combustion of Energetic Materials, Begell House, Inc., 1092 pages, 2002.
Chigier, N. A, and Chiu, H.H. (Paul) (eds.), Mechanics and Combustion of Droplets and Sprays, Begell House, New York, 1995.
Weinburg, F. J., Advanced Combustion Methods, Academic Press, New York, 1986.
Oran, E. S., and Boris, J.P., (ed.) Numerical Approaches to Combustion Modeling, Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Vol. 135, 1991
Reid, R. C., Prausnitz, J. M, and Poling, B. E., The Properties of Gases & Liquids, McGraw–Hill, Fourth Edition, 1988.